Rhinophyma is a skin condition affecting the nose in which the skin is thickened and the sebaceous (oil) glands are enlarged. The skin can be normal color or reddish color and oftentimes with prominent blood vessels. In the early stages of rhinophyma, a person may experience excessive facial flushing. As the condition progresses, swollen blood vessels appear, then acne-like pimples. Later, the nose may appear bulbous (rounded) and pitted due to prominent pores.
https://dermnetnz.org/topics/rhinophyma-images
Causes:
It was once believed that rhinophyma was caused by heavy alcohol use, but that is not correct. Rhinophyma occurs equally in people who drink no alcohol and those who drink heavily. The exact causes of rhinophyma are unknown, but certain factors can increase the risk of this rare disorder. It is thought to result from untreated, severe rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes facial redness on the nose and cheeks. Other risk factors include:
- Age: typically diagnosed between age 50 and 70.
- Gender: Men are more likely to develop the condition than women.
- Complexion: Fair-skinned people are more likely to have rhinophyma.
- Ethnicity: People with an Irish, English, Scottish, Scandinavian, or Eastern European background are at a higher risk.
- Family history: People with family members who have had rosacea or rhinophyma are at a higher risk.
Symptoms:
Rhinophyma usually develops in more severe cases of rosacea. Its signs and symptoms can occur in cycles and become worse if left untreated. Signs and symptoms that affect the nose include:
- Gradual changes in appearance to a swollen, bulbous shape
- Many visible oil glands
- Enlarged skin pores
- Reddish skin color
- Thickened skin
- Waxy, rough, yellowish surface
Diagnosis:
Our experienced team conducts a thorough evaluation, which includes a:
- Physical exam
- Discussion of personal and family medical history
Treatment:
Medications:
- Topical and oral antibiotics to reduce inflammation and redness, such as Metronidazole, sulfacetamide, Erythromycin, and Doxycycline.
- Topical medications that help minimize inflammation, such as tretinoin (Retin-A) and azelaic acid (Azelex)
Surgical options:
- Laser resurfacing to reshape and recontour the nose.
- Loop cautery uses heat to shave down bulk tissue, sometimes requiring multiple sessions.
Summary:
The symptoms of rhinophyma can cause anxiety and emotional distress for some people. In some cases, surgical treatment can improve appearance and help ease anxiety. However, the problem may reappear after treatment. Early medical interventions can reduce symptoms and prevent permanent disfigurement. Treatment that begins in the early stages may have the best results.
Here at Siperstein Dermatology, our providers are experts in treating this condition. If you believe you may have rhinophyma, call us today for an appointment for diagnosis and treatment options that can help ease symptoms and avoid future flare-ups and complications.
